Book Series

With case studies from Latin America, Southeast Asia, and the Middle East, this volume explores the different experiences and roles played by agencies, donors and recipients, and the way in which isolated groups who are engaged in political negotiations with the state can use links with the international empowerment agenda to strengthen their own position. Afshar is particularly renowned for her work on women and Islam. Recent books include Women and Politics in the Third World, Routledge, 1996; and (with Fatima Alikhan), Empowering Women for Development: experiences from some third world countries, Booklinks Corporation, 1997.

Placing the debate on population, poverty, the environment, and security in a broad theoretical perspective, this book brings out the dialectics of gender, race, and class on a global scale. The author shows how population control serves the interests of capitalism, industrialism, and patriarchy, and explores global visions and efforts towards peace, justice, and ecology, all based upon partnership.

Covering issues from conceptual aspects of gender and womens autonomy to planning strategies and evaluation methodology, this book gathers the experiences of Latin American and Dutch development consultants in bringing a gender perspective to their work with local NGOs and international donors. A collection of personal reflections, the contributions give perspectives on the usefulness of concepts and theoretical frameworks, both for individuals and for institutions. (Also available in Spanish.)

A collection of women's testimonies about the psychological and physical damage of war, the battle for economic survival, and their efforts to rebuild their lives and those of their families and communities.

Written and researched by a feminist health education NGO, this handbook (originally published in 1973 and since translated into many languages) discusses many issues concerning women's health and includes sections on violence against women, abortion, the politics of womens health, sexual health, birth control, and sexually transmitted diseases.

This book clarifies the major political and theoretical issues at stake in debates on women, the environment, and sustainable development. The authors review feminist analysis of science and the power relations inherent in the production of knowledge, and examine ideas of alternative development, social ecology, and ecofeminism, based on such values as holism, mutuality, justice, autonomy, self-reliance, sustainability, and peace.

An illustrated volume that combines self-help medical information with an understanding of the ways in which poverty, discrimination, and cultural beliefs affect womens health and limit their access to care. The volume covers information on women's sexual health, HIV/AIDs, pregnancy, birth, breastfeeding, mental health, rape, and violence as well as the health concerns of women with disabilities, girls, older women, and refugees.

This study examines World Bank lending that has been intended to benefit women, and the way in which this influential financial institution has addressed the needs of half of the worlds population. The authors examine the concepts of gender, mainstreaming, and participation, and discuss successful projects as a basis upon which to draw wider lessons.

Based on the work of researchers and activists on womens and labour issues, and with contributions mainly from Asia, Africa, and Latin America, this volume looks at the linkages between North and South, and at the global nature of industrialisation and organising in the face of economic structural adjustment policies.

The author explores the reasons for the phenomenon of women-headed households, their increased numbers worldwide, and their capacity for survival. Case studies from Mexico, Costa Rica, and the Philippines illustrate the varied routes by which low-income women become heads of household, and the outcomes for them and for other household members.

Drawing on studies from Eastern Europe, France, Israel, and Chile, the volume is framed by concerns about how ethnicity and nationalism affect women given the political reality of religious and ethnically-based violence. Although not directly addressing questions of development, it provides a good analysis of complexities that face all gender and development practitioners.

While gender training theory and practice has been largely dominated by academic and development institutions in the North, training has also been undertaken and developed by gender specialists and practitioners in the South. Contributions are drawn from different regions and diverse fields and an annotated bibliography includes journal articles, books, directories, and unpublished material from the South.

The autobiography of a leading activist against womens oppression, particularly in the Middle East, and author of The Hidden Face of Eve: Women in the Arab World (Zed Books, 1980), and Woman at Point Zero (Zed Books,1983). El Saadawi addresses issues such as sexual aggression against girls, FGM, prostitution, sexual relations, marriage, and divorce, relating womens position in the Middle East to political struggles within Islam.

In this compilation of the arguments underpinning feminist economic critiques of development, six authors analyse the forms of male bias in the development process, its foundations, the way in which it changes over time, and the possibilities of overcoming it. Elson has written extensively on gender and economics.

Based on detailed case studies in various multicultural societies, the author examines ways to integrate gender and human rights issues into planning, development, and policy making.

Th author focuses on how and why people form overlapping groups that influence and limit what they want, how they behave, and what they get. The book takes a detailed look at feminist theory and political economy, and at collective action and patriarchal power. A section on the way structures of constraint have shaped histories of social reproduction in Europe, the USA, Latin America, and the Caribbean illustrates the relationship between different forms of patriarchal power, and the expansion of wage employment.

This book argues that strategies to 'institutionalise' gender equality must involve fundamental change and institutional transformation. Contributions look into the structures, rules and cultures of a range of development organisations, from NGOs (including women's organisations) to multilateral agencies. A conceptual framework for exploring the gendered politics and procedures within institutions is applied to the empirical case study material.

Participatory approaches have been widely adopted by NGOs, community-based organisations, and academic institutions. This volume takes a critical look at whether this work is benefiting women and men equally and argues that if community differences are simplified, power relationships poorly understood or misinterpreted, and conflicts avoided, women are the likely losers. Authors present experiences from Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean, and analyse how women can be equitably and appropriately involved in participatory processes, and how gender issues can be tackled more meaningfully within communities.

Harcourt has written widely on gender and development and her most recent work Women@ Internet, (London: Zed Books, 1999) deals with the way in which Southern women relate to information technology. Power, Reproduction and Gender explores issues of health, empowerment, sexuality and reproductive rights, while Feminist Perspectives brings together diverse contributions on issues such as resource management, power and knowledge, culture, health, and economics.

Hartmann shows the link between the population problem and the position of women in society, womens poverty, and the quality of healthcare available to them. She calls for a fundamental shift in population policy towards the expansion rather than the restriction of reproductive choice, and places the emphasis on womens control of their own bodies and their right to choose whether or not to give birth. A controversial book of its time, it set the scene for the reproductive rights movement and exposed the political motivation that is the basis of the population problem.

This volume includes contributions from leading gender and development scholars, reviewing 20 years of work in this area. Addressing issues such as environment, education, population, reproductive rights, industrialisation, macro-economic policy, and poverty, the authors re-examine previous structural analysis, asking whether feminist perspectives can further our understanding of development.

This book examines the response of international donors to the challenge of the international womens movement and its vision of fundamental social transformation. The author examines the contradictions between the movement's high profile advocacy and the overall growth in women's poverty. Comparing donor priorities with those of their various funding partners, she argues that despite significant achievements, the vision of transformation has not informed this progress.

Many women respond to religious and nationalist appeals, but they have also asserted their gender, class, caste, and regional identities and often challenged state policies and practices. Focusing on women in South Asia, this volume includes chapters on secularity and sexuality, class, sovereignty and citizenship, legal reform and the Muslim community, Hindu identity politics, and womens everyday experience of and responses to gender and religious identity.

Kabeer uncovers the deep biases which underpin mainstream economic development theory and account for the marginal status given to womens needs in development policy. Criticising the usefulness of the poverty line, she examines alternative frameworks for analysing gender hierarchies, puts forward an analysis of the role of social relations that are embedded in the family, community, market, and state, and sets out the social relations framework for understanding gender inequalities in the development process.

This book examines the need for donor and development agencies to practise the same ideals of gender equality as they ask of their 'partner' organisations, seeing this as clearly two sides of the same coin'. The authors look at the process of organisational change, at why organisations need to change, and how they resist doing so.

Mies explores the history of the related processes of colonialism, the witch hunt and 'housewifisation', as well as issues such as womens work in the new international division of labour, increasing violence against women, the relationship between womens liberation and the national liberation struggles, and why patriarchal coercion so often (re-)asserts itself. First published in 1986, this book is a classic gender and development text.

This volume examines the various strategies employed by women working to transform the bureaucratic structures of state organisations, multilateral institutions, and NGOs, in order to make them more gender-equitable. Authors examine these strategies in terms of institutional rules and procedures, and resource allocation, as well as at the more discursive level of constructing and contesting womens needs. While acknowledging the gendered nature of bureaucracies, institutions are shown not to be monolithic and impermeable.

Moghadam has written extensively on women and identity, and other recent titles include Gender and National Identity: Women and Politics in Muslim Societies, (Zed Books, 1994); (with Nabil F. Dhoury) Gender and Development in the Arab World, (Zed Books, 1995). Identity Politics and Women: Cultural Reassertions and Feminisms in International Perspective, (Westview Press, 1994) addresses discourses and movements organised around questions of religious, ethnic, and national identity. Gender and Development and Women, Work, and Economic Reform look at womens economic role in the Middle East and North Africa and, in the context of globalisation and the changing political economies of the Arab world, make connections between gender relations and economic reform.

This book explores the relationship between gender and development, and presents the conceptual rationale for what is now widely used and commonly referred to as the Moser framework of strategic and practical gender needs. Drawing on Maxine Molyneauxs earlier work on gender roles and interests, Moser identifies methodological procedures, tools and techniques to integrate gender into planning processes and emphasises the role of gender training.

This volume explores the issues of womens quality of life, confronting charges of Western imperialism and criticising cultural relativism. Offering accounts of gender justice and womens equality, contributors include Amartya Sen and Martha Chen, and are based on experiences in Asia, Latin America, and Africa.

The author examines how womens struggles for equal rights are undermined by the economic policies of the international financial institutions and donor governments, in direct contradiction of their avowed support for womens rights and gender equality. Examples drawn from Asia, Africa, and Latin America show how economic policies depend on the existing and unequal division of rights and responsibilities between men and women, and therefore serve to perpetuate gender inequality.

This book grows out of the International Reproductive Rights Research Action Group (IRRRAG)s four years of collaborative research and analysis in Brazil, Egypt, Malaysia, Mexico, Nigeria, Philippines, and the USA. Based on individual and group interviews, the book asks whether and how ordinary women express a sense of self-determination in decisions about child-bearing, work, marriage, fertility control, and sexual relations. It examines the strategies that are employed with husbands, health providers, and the larger community over reproductive and sexual matters; and the role of economic constraints, religion, tradition, and motherhood.

A textbook which offers a gender analysis of world politics, including womens access to political power and economic resources, and a gender-sensitive re-interpretation of international relations, political legitimacy, state security, and globalisation. Violence, security, labour, economics, and resources (equity and ecology issues) are also examined, and the politics of resistance is surveyed by analysing gender as a dimension of non-state, anti-state, and trans-state movements. A distinction is made between practical and strategic interests, and various movements (from revolutionary to sustainable ecology) are described.

A feminist overview of international relations which, the author argues, is male gendered, though women are also (largely invisible) players in the world that international relations seeks to explain. Drawing on Southern feminist thought such as Mohanty, Afshar, Kandiyoti, and Moghadam, and the growing visibility of women and feminist transnational organising, Pettman puts forward a feminist international politics and discusses 'trans-national feminisms'.

With vulnerable forms of informal-sector employment that remain invisible in economic calculations, and excluded from trade unions or job security, women workers have had to devise their own empowerment strategies. This book analyses how global economic change is affecting women internationally, and focuses on their responses to this. Contributors compare the lives of Third and First World women, and examine how women have resisted and reorganised existing forms of production in order to create alternative, more humane circumstances of work and daily life.

Focusing on land ownership and use, copping systems, and womens work with animals, a feminist and environmentalist approach is taken to this investigation of how the changing global economy affects rural women. The author analyses women's multiple experiences in terms of their gender, class, and race. Examples from different countries show how environmental degradation results from economic and development practices that disadvantage women; and describe womens resistance and survival strategies in the face of these trends.

Looking at femininities, public and private spheres, and the changing shapes of class and nation in Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, China, Vietnam, Thailand, and Philippines, contributors look at the gendered nature of the processes of modernisation and globalisation, and show the importance of womens agency in transforming economics and ideologies, as well as revealing the costs of authoritarianism and development that are borne by women, and the contradictory searches for new forms of autonomy.

A writer and international activist in the field of women, environment, and development, Shiva has come to exemplify the school of thought known as 'ecofeminism', which examines the position of women in relation to nature, and links the violation of nature with the violation and marginalisation of women, particularly in the Third World.

This book presents personal narratives by 15 very different women who describe the lives of the authors, their grandmothers, mothers, daughters or other close female relatives. The collection represents the life-stories of women in Asia, Africa, Latin America, and Europe, spanning over a century, and challenges traditional assumptions about womanhood, life, society, culture, and religion.

Snyder, the founding director of UNIFEM, describes its beginnings, examines its work, and looks at the longer term effects of projects that have come to an end. It locates UNIFEM as a UN organisation, and describes the struggle to integrate its priorities and work with women into the development mainstream, viewing it within the longer term and larger context of women transforming development.

The author underlines the need to analyse institutions in their political context, in order to understand why gender inequities persist and how they can be addressed. She shows how feminists have engaged with development policy in the last 30 years, logging both successes and failures, and setting out to inspire new generations to take informed and strategic activism in pursuit of gender justice. Staudt is also the author of Women, International Development and Politics: The Bureaucratic Mire (updated), Temple University Press, Philadelphia, 1997.

A book that links development, womens empowerment, and womens health, and puts forward a new approach to researching, evaluating, and caring for womens health. The study locates womens circumstances and their health in the context of international development policies and offers an analysis of the interwoven factors. It also examines connections and associations that escape narrower attempts to isolate remediable causes, and makes a powerful case for an international feminist health agenda.

The author looks at womens grassroots activism in Latin America, focusing on the combined commitment to basic survival and challenges to womens subordination to men. Women activists insist that issues such as rape, abuse, and reproductive control cannot be divorced from womens concerns about housing, food, land, and healthcare. The book includes interviews with activists, detailed histories of organisations and movements, and a theoretical discussion of gender, collective identity, and feminist anthropology and methods.

Synthesising research done in the 1970s and 1980s on the roles of women in economic development, this anthology provides a historical and political overview of the field. Contributors include Esther Boserup, whose work established the theoretical foundation for the study of womens roles in economic development. A standard resource in womens studies, political science, sociology, development economics, and gender and development.

A comprehensive reader, with contributions that are essential reading for anyone involved in gender and development, including 'classics' that have not been published in earlier anthologies (e.g. Kandiyotis Bargaining with Patriarchy and Mohantys Under Western Eyes). It includes an introduction to the field, sections on households and families, women in the global economy, social transformation and women organising. The major questions that face gender and development activists, practitioners, and researchers, are addressed, and theoretical debates are illustrated by case studies drawn from all regions.

Politics in this book covers both high politics and political activity at the grassroots, focusing on womens organisations. The author examines the impact of policy and politics on gender relations and on different groups of women, developing the analysis through a study of different political formations: Colonialism, Revolution, Authoritarianism, and Democracy and Democratisation.

This book raises key issues about the relationship between class, culture and gender, womens power, and feminist research. Criticising the 'women and development' (WAD) approach, White argues that it is power and power relations that are central to gender relations; and that the key lies in examining the relationships within which productive and reproductive work is carried out. Although based on fieldwork in Bangladesh, this book is significant in gender and development debates internationally.

An anthology of feminist writings from Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Caribbean, that demonstrates the complexity, diversity, and courage of Southern womens movements and organisations. Contributors look at their own countries, and the forms of resistance to colonial policy and patriarchy, and explore both Northern and Southern definitions of feminism. Throughout, a historical perspective shows that women have always subverted the codes that determine the spaces in which they move, and have empowered themselves as well as actively resisting the prevailing power relations.

Each title outlines issues and debates on a given theme and includes an introduction to resources and guidance on how to use the books for training and discussion purposes. Titles include: Women and Literacy (Marcela Ballara), Women and Disability (Esther R. Boylan), Refugee Women (Susan Forbes Martin), Women and Empowerment (Marilee Karl), Women at Work (Susan Leather) Women and the Family (Helen OConnell), Women and the Environment (Annabel Rodda), Women and Health (Patricia Smyke), Women and Human Rights (Katarina Tomasevski), Women and War (Jeanne Vickers), Women and the World Economic Crisis (Jeanne Vickers).

A compilation of influential feminist thinkers including Olivia Harris, Maxine Molyneux, and Ann Whitehead, which address the question of universal gender inequality. Representing a critique of both traditional Marxist theory and of contemporary socialist practice, this edited volume marks the international feminist challenge of the 1980s to the orthodox interpretations of womens position in society. Kate Young is also the author of Planning Development with Women: Making a World of Difference, The Macmillan Press, London 1993 (reprinted 1994), and the founder of Womankind Worldwide.

Yuval-Davis provides an authoritative overview and critique of writings on gender and nationhood, presenting an analysis of the ways in which gender relations affect and are affected by national projects and processes. Arguing that the construction of nationhood involves specific notions of manhood and womanhood, she examines the contribution of gender relations to nationalist projects (the reproduction of culture and citizenship), as well as to national conflicts and wars, and explores the relations between feminism and nationalism.

A forum for practitioners, policy makers, and academics to exchange information and analysis concerning the social dimensions of development and humanitarian work. As a multi-disciplinary journal of policy and practice, it reflects a wide range of institutional and cultural backgrounds and a variety of professional experience. Other relevant titles in the Development in Practice Readers series include Development and Social Diversity (also published in Spanish), Development and Rights, and Development and Social Action.

A thematic forum for development practitioners, policy-makers, and activists on contemporary issues of gender and development. Recent topics include organisational culture, men and masculinity, education and training, violence against women, and religion and spirituality. Each issue of the journal is also published separately in book form.

A feminist scholarly journal, with recent articles addressing issues such as women in the Vietnamese revolution, FGM, prostitution, and women in science and engineering. The broad themes, which are also of interest to activists and feminist development practitioners and researchers, are also brought together in a series of occasional readers.

Offers a combination of academic and activist papers on feminist theory, race and ethnicity, class and sexuality, black and third world feminism, cultural studies, and including photographs, poems, and cartoons. Feminist Review is much used in womens studies courses and within the womens movement.

A forum for dialogue and debate about feminist economic perspectives, the journal aims to enlarge and enrich economic discourse in order to contribute to improving the living conditions of all children, women, and men.

Offers in-depth analysis of women's reproductive health, from a woman-centred perspective, and provides an authoritative and broad source of information on the central issues of reproductive health and rights.

An international membership organisation of practitioners, scholars, and policy-makers who are committed to gender equality and a just and sustainable development process.

CHANGEs work is mainly focused on womens human rights advocacy in which it offers training courses at the UN Commission for Human Rights, and is backed up with a range of publications including Georgina Ashworth (ed.) A Diplomacy of the Oppressed: New Directions in International Feminism, London: Zed Books, 1995; and a number of books published by CHANGE, such as Georgina Ashworth Changing the Discourse: A Guide to Women and Human Rights, 1993 and Of Violence and Violation: Women and Human Rights, 1996 .

The Global Center develops and facilitates womens leadership for womens human rights and social justice worldwide, placing the emphasis on violence against women, sexual and reproductive health, and socio-economic well-being through its twin programmes in advocacy and global education. .

A network of Southern scholars and activists concerned with the impact of current development models on women and on the nature of poverty. A comprehensive presentation of DAWN's vision and agenda is Gita Sen and Caren Grown, Development Crises and Alternative Visions: Third World Women's Perspectives, New York: Monthly Review Press, 1987. In the lead-up to the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD), DAWN representative Sonia Correa (accent) (with Rebecca Reichmann) produced Population and Reproductive Rights: Feminist Perspectives from the South, London: Zed Books (in association with DAWN). The rotating secretariat is presently based in Fiji.

An internet page, with information on activism, resources, women-owned businesses, womens health, a query service on feminism, and an online bookstore. www.feminist.com

An international information centre and archives for the womens movement, including an extensive library on women and womens studies, and a database search facility.

A UN body to promote and undertake policy-oriented research and training programmes, to contribute to the advancement of women worldwide, and to contribute to a global agenda of gender equality and sustainable development. INSTRAW focuses on the gender impact of globalisation.

A pan-African network that works for the health of women and children by fighting harmful and promoting beneficial traditional practices through training programmes, information campaigns, research, and educational and non-formal materials.

IWTC is a major information, education, communication, networking, technical assistance, and training resource for women, and produces a range of regular and occasional publications.

Originally one organisation, ISIS published Women in Development: A resource guide for organisation and action, (London: IT Publications, 1983), a guide for WID activists. Now three separate organisations: Isis International, which has an English-language publication: PO Box 1837, Quezon City Main, Quezon City 1100, Philippines. E-mail: isis@mnl.sequal.net. Website: www.sequel.net/~isis ; Isis-WICCE, PO Box 4934, Kampala, Uganda. E-mail: isis@starcom.co.ug, a womens international resource and information centre with regular publications; and Isis Internacional, Casilla 2067, Correo Central, Santiago, Chile. E-mail: isis@reuna.cl, which holds an extensive resource and documentation centre, and runs programmes on violence against women, and women's health, as well as a publishing programme.

A feminist publishing house in India run by Urvashi Butalia who, with Rita Menon, is author of Making a Difference: Feminist Publishing in the South, (Oxford: Bellagio Studies in Publishing, 1996). Kali for Women publishes a wide range of materials, books as well as monographs, including papers by leading activists such as Kamla Bhasin (author of What is Feminism? and What is Patriarchy?).

A feminist development organisation committed to a vision of development that requires the eradication of all forms of injustice.

Oxfam's progressive gender policy is reflected across its publishing programme. Recent titles include: Fenella Porter et al. (eds): Gender Works: Oxfam Experience in Policy and Practice, 1999; Candida March and Ines Smyth: A Guide to Gender Analysis Frameworks, 1999; Jo Rowlands: Questioning Empowerment: Working with Women in Honduras, 1997; Deborah Eade and Suzanne Williams: The Oxfam Handbook of Development and Relief, 1995; and Suzanne Williams, with Jan Seed and Adelina Mwau: The Oxfam Gender Training Manual, 1994 (also available in Spanish and Portuguese).

A network of gender experts on international development aid with a quarterly publication: Connections: gender perspectives on international cooperation.

UNIFEM promotes the participation of women in all levels of development planning and practice, and acts as a catalyst within the UN system, supporting efforts that link the needs and concerns of women to critical issues at every level. Publications include Ana Maria Brasileiro (ed.): Gender and Sustainable Development: A New Paradigm Reflecting on Experience in Latin American and the Caribbean, New York: UNIFEM, 1996; Noeleen Heyzer et al.: A Commitment to the Worlds Women: Perspectives on Development for Beijing and Beyond, 1995; UNIFEM (with UN-NGLS): Putting Gender on the Agenda: A Guide to Participating in UN World Conferences, 1995; and Mary B. Anderson: Focussing on Women: UNIFEMs Experience in Mainstreaming, 1993.

WIN runs a technical assistance and consulting service for womens development. Its publication WIN News is an open communication system by, for, and about women of all backgrounds, beliefs, nationalities, and age groups.

Publication: WGNRR Newsletter. The Network is an autonomous network of groups and individuals in every continent who support reproductive rights for women. Building links and exchanges between women worldwide, WGNRR organises and participates in international campaigns and actions, particularly for the prevention of maternal mortality and morbidity.

An international advocacy network that seeks to transform society through the empowerment of women, and focuses on lobbying at the UN level and monitoring UN agreements.

This NGO promotes women's full and equal participation in all nations by advancing universal respect for human rights, expanding rights education and legal literacy among women, and challenging discriminatory socio-economic barriers. It has inspired similar regional networks, for example Women in Law and Development in Africa (WiLDAF) and Asia Pacific Forum on Law and Development (APWLD). In Latin America, CLADEM is a key network of organisations that works to defend womens legal and human rights.