The role of Ministries of Finance in implementing the ‘Three Ones’

Ministries of Finance (MoF) cannot ignore the major challenge to development posed by HIV/AIDS. To tackle the epidemic a new comprehensive and consistent approach is required: HIV/AIDS must be mainstreamed. This paper investigates the instruments MoF do, can, and should employ in order to be proactive and effective in mainstreaming HIV/AIDS through supporting the implementation of the ‘three ones’, promoted by UNAIDS and other partners – One strategic framework, One Authority, and One Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) System. It suggests strategic paths as well as specific initiatives to exploit the comparative advantages of MoF in ensuring the implementation of national strategic plans, repositioning national authorities, and providing the basis for a strong M&E system.